Power, sex, suicide:
mitochondria and the meaning of life
By Nick Lane, 2005
(A to Z)
* ATP synthase
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP_synthase
http://www.life.illinois.edu/crofts/bioph354/lect10.html
* C 값 (57) : C-value
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-value
(가)
* 고세균 : archaea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Archaea_genera
* 공생 : symbiosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiosis
(나)
* 넘트 (205) : numt
(교정) => numt (pronounced “new might”)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numt
* 닐 블랙스톤 (330, 332-333, 335-337) : Neil Blackstone
http://www.bios.niu.edu/blackstone/blackstone.shtml
(논문)
Neil W. Blackstone, Douglas R. Green (1999), 'The evolution of a mechanism of cell suicide', DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199901)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199901)21:1%3C84::AID-BIES11%3E3.0.CO;2-0/abstract
(다)
* 다윈
(36) ‘Each living being is a microcosm.a little universe formed of self-propagating organisms inconceivably minute and numerous as the stars in the heaven.’
(주) Each living creature must be looked upon as a microcosm — a little universe— formed of a host of self-propagating organisms, inconceivably minute and as numerous as the stars of heaven." "Animals and Plants," vol. 11, pp. 478 483
* 대사율 (256) : metabolic rate
안정시 대사율 : resting metabolic rate
최대 대사율 : maximum metabolic rate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate
* 델로비브리오 (320) : Bdellovibrio
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bdellovibrio
* 뒤쥐 (240, 256) : shrews
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrew
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_Shrew
(라)
* 라이트 ; 앨런 라이트 (442)
http://www.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/people/a.wright.html
(논문)
Wright, A.F.; Jacobson, S.G.; Cideciyan, A.V.; Roman, A.J.; Shu, X.; Vlachantoni, D.; McInnes, R.R. and Riemersma, R.A., 'Lifespan and mitochondrial control of neurodegeneration', Nature Genetics 36(11):1153-1158, 2004
http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v36/n11/full/ng1448.html
* 레버씨유전성시신경병증 (358) : Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)
(교정) => 레베르유전시신경병증
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leber's_hereditary_optic_neuropathy
* 로도박터 (93-94, 103) : Rhodobacter
알파프로테오박테리아의 일종
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodobacter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodobacter_sphaeroides
(주) the Greek (Rhodos = Rhodes, rhodon = rose)
* 리우틴투 (37) : Rio Tinto
(교정) => 리오 틴토
(주) 리오 = 강,천; 틴토 = 붉은 (red). 한자어로 이름을 바꾼다면, 적천, 홍천, 우리말로 바꾼다면 붉은내
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Tinto_(river)
http://www.360panoview.co.uk/andalucia/index.htm
http://www.360panoview.co.uk/andalucia/Niebla/Rio%20Tinto/Rio_Tinto.htm
* 리케차 (77, 181, 320) : rickettsia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickettsia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickettsia_prowazekii
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphaproteobacteria
(마)
* 마굴리스 ; 린 마글리스 (18, 63-64, 77, 87, 193, 294-297, 320) : Lynn Margulis
* 마틴 ; 빌 마틴 (64-65, 88, 90, 155, 157, 159, 172, 206-209) : Bill Martin
* 멍고 호수 화석 (377, 380) : Lake Mungo fossil
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Mungo_remains
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Mungo
http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/reprints/forster/rep-forster.htm
(사)
* 산소-독소 가설 (78)
* 산화환원 신호 (337-338)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox_signaling
http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/(en)/biologie/Bio4/redoxregulation.html
substrate phosphorylation (SP)
oxidative phosphorylation (OP)
(그림출처) http://www.pnas.org/content/101/2/653.full
* 새(조류) (402-406, 453-459, 458-461) : brid
* 새프 ; 잔 새프 (31) : Jan Sapp
Sapp, Jan. Evolution by Association: A History of Symbiosis. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1994.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Sapp
‘Thus unfolds an ironic tale of the fierce individualism of many personalities who pointed to the creative power of associations in evolutionary change.’
* 생명의 기원 (149-164) : 6장 제목
http://users.erols.com/richdoran/life
http://ask.nate.com/qna/view.html?n=263361
(주) 생명의 기원에 대하여 3가지 가설이 있다.
1. 대기 기원 2. 우주기원설 3. 심해저 열수광산 기원설
* 생체에너지학 (20)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioenergetics
* 선택적 입막음 (353, 356) : selective silencing
(교정) 선택적 입막음 => 선택적 유전자 침묵
정자 미토콘드리아를 수정란에서 모두 몰아내거나 영원히 조용히 시키기 위한 수많은 장치가 진화되었다.(359)
Numerous tricks have evolved to exclude male mitochondria from the fertilized egg altogether, or to ensure the permanent silencing of the few that do get in.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_silencing
* 세베로 오초아 (128) : Severo Ochoa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo_Ochoa
(주) 오초아가 노벨상을 받은 것은 ATP가 아니라 RNA, DNA에 대한 연구이다.
(참고)
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959
Severo Ochoa, Arthur Kornberg
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 was awarded jointly to Severo Ochoa and Arthur Kornberg "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid"
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1959/
* 세포군체 (47, 298, 337-338) : multicellular colony
(교정) => 다세포 군체
* 셀록 홈즈 (23) : Sherlock Holmes
As Holmes put it: ‘When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.’
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Adventure_of_the_Blanched_Soldier
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
* 수소가설 (64, 88-89, 94-95, 98, 100-101, 104, 172-173, 203, 207, 225, 325, 329, 335) : Hydrogen hypothesis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_hypothesis
* 수위조절용 수문(473), 배수로(146, 277, 383, 472-473) : overflow channels in a hydroelectric dam
(교정) => 범람수로, 월류수로
Dam and Overflow Channels during Wet Season High Water, Itaipu Dam
http://www.alternative-energy-concepts.com/itaipu-dam.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itaipu_Dam
* 시토크롬 (120) : cytochrome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_c
Cytochrome c with heme c.
Cytochrome c oxidase.
Only subunits I and II are shown with the electron donor, cytochrome c. Redox centres: haems (in red), coppers (in magenta). Electron transfer (red arrows) is coupled to proton transfer (blue arrows) to complete dyoxygen reduction chemistry at the binuclear centre, and to proton translocation across the membrane. (http://www.biocenter.helsinki.fi/bi/hbg/research_CcO.html)
The flux goes from the protochemically positive (P) side (high proton electrochemical potential) to the protochemically negative (N) side.
(아)
* 아르메스토 ; 펠리페-페르난데스 아르메스토 (22)
The eloquent historian Felipe Fernández-Armesto wrote: ‘Stories help explain themselves; if you know how something happened, you begin to see why it happened.’ -The Americas (2003) -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_Fern%C3%A1ndez-Armesto
* 아케조아 (72-76, 78-81, 84, 88) : archezoa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archezoa
(비교) 고세균 : archaea
* 아포토시스 : apoptosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_highlights_in_apoptosis_research#Coining_of_the_term_apoptosis
http://home.postech.ac.kr/~heony/Caspase/caspase.htm
(주) 306 페이지, "원래 히포크라테스는 아포토시스를 뼈의 탈락이라는 의미로 썼다. 뼈의 탈락이란.....그 의미를 확장했다"는 것은 문헌적으로 사실을 고증을 해야 한다.
* 안데르손 ; 시브 안데르손 (77-78, 84, 181-183) : Siv Anderson
http://www.ucg.uu.se/SAndersson.html
(논문)
Andersson, S. G. E., Zomorodipour, A., Andersson, J. O., Sicheritz-Ponten, T., Alsmark, C. M. U., Podowski, R. M., Näslund, A. K., Eriksson, A.-C., Winkler, H. H. and C. G. Kurland. 1998. The genome sequence of Rickettsia prowazekii and the origin of mitochondria. Nature 396:133-140.
* 암 (300-304) : cancer
Cancer is a chilling ghost of conflict within an individual.
암은 하나의 개체 안에서 일어난 충돌로 생겨난 싸늘한 유령이다.
* 애덤스 ; 더글라스 애덤스 (477)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Adams
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(book)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(film)
* 양성자 펌프 (148) : proton pumping
(교정) 양성자 펌핑
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_pump
* 엑스타시 (454)
(원문) Another uncoupler is the popular recreational drug, ecstasy, which illustrates the potential dangers well: uncoupling generates heat, inducing some revellers to dance with a water supply strapped to their backs; even so, a few have died of heatstroke. Certainly more finesse is needed. Curiously, aspirin is also a mild respiratory uncoupler; I do wonder how many of its more mysterious benefits may relate to this property.
진하게 표시한 원문은 번역자가 오역을 한 부분입니다.
* 엥겔하르트 ; 블라디미르 엥겔하르트 (127) : Vladimir Engelhardt
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelhardt_Institute_of_Molecular_Biology
* 여유 공간 (456-462) : overcapacity
(교정) => 잉여능력, 과잉생산능력
* 역장 (145, 147, 148, 467) : 力場, force field
보호막 (147) : protective force field
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_field_(chemistry)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_field
* 역행반응 (436) : retrograde response
* 오겔 ; 레슬리 오겔 (21, 112, 145) : Leslie Orgel
(에세이)
Orgel, L. E. Are you serious, Dr Mitchell? Nature 402: 17; 1999.
(21) 어떤 평론가 = 레슬리 오겔
(112) As the eminent molecular biologist Leslie Orgel put it: ‘Not since Darwin has biology come up with an idea as counterintuitive as those of, say, Einstein, Heisenberg or Schrodinger. . . his contemporaries might well have asked “Are you serious, Dr Mitchell?”’
(145) Few would have laid money on cells generating energy with proton pumps.
* 올바키아 (345, 358) : Wolbachia
(교정) => 월바키아, 볼바키아
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolbachia
* 운동의 역설 (406, 430, 455) : exercise paradox
* 윌리스 ; 더글라스 윌리스 (381) : Douglas Wallace
University of California, Irvine
http://www.actionbioscience.org/genomic/wallace.html
http://www.scivee.tv/node/11709
* 윌슨 (33) : E. B. Wilson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Beecher_Wilson
‘To many, no doubt, such speculations may appear too fantastic for present mention in polite biological society; nevertheless it is within the range of possibility that they may some day call for some serious consideration'
* 유전자 수평이동 (185) : lateral gene transfer
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_gene_transfer
Current tree of life showing horizontal gene transfers.
* 이소프렌 (157, 209) : isoprenes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprene
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terpenoid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paclitaxel
(주) Taxol은 diterpene alkaloids의 일종
* 이질성 (423) : heterogeneity
http://exactitude.tistory.com/663
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneity_and_heterogeneity
* 임균 (186, 319-320, 325-326) : Neisseria gonorrhoeae
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neisseria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhoea
(자)
* 자가조정장치의 소멸 (429) : Demise of the Self-Correcting Machine
(교정) 조정 => 교정, 수정; 소멸 => 죽음, 서거, 사망, 소멸
* 자리돔과 어류 (345) : coral reef fish
(교정) => 암초 어류, 산호초 물고기
In fact, most reef fish switch sex at some point in their lives, and the few shrinking violets that don’t are contemptuously labelled gonochoristic.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef_fish
* 적응주의 프로그램 (416) : adaptationist program
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptationism
http://sockin.com.ne.kr/ilban.ja/4111003.htm
* 젖당 (146) : lactose
(교정) 락토즈; 유당
* 증거가 없다는 것이 사실이 아니라는 증거는 아니다 (410)
We are reminded, in that smug phrase, that ‘absence of evidence is not evidence of absence’.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence_of_absence
* 진핵세포의 기원 (64, 209)
1. 주류적 시각 : 린 마굴리스, 톰 캐벌리어 스미스
2. 수소가설 : 빌 마틴
* 진화를 위한 안정화 전략 (187) : evolutionarily stable strategy
(교정) => 진화적으로 안정된 전략
메이너드 스미스는 유전자 수평이동 현상을 '진화를 위한 안정화 전략'이라고 표현했다.
what Maynard Smith described as an ‘evolutionarily stable strategy’.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionarily_stable_strategy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maynard_Smith
* 진화적 신기성 (95, 203, 208)
* 짝풀림 (133-134, 140-142, 146, 277-278, 334, 383, 543-456)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncoupling_protein
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermogenin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_phosphorylation
http://www.jci.org/articles/view/17835/figure/1
http://www.cib.csic.es/en/grupo.php?idgrupo=39
http://5e.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=7&id=350
(그림 출처 : C. Erlanson-Albertsson(2003), The role of uncoupling proteins in the regulation of metabolism)
(차)
* 치마버섯 (352) : split gill mushroom
치마버섯 (split gill fungus)은 쇠약한 나무의 줄기나 가지, 고사목,용재 등에 흔히 발생하는 소형의 재질부후균으로 주로 벚나무, 밤나무, 사과나무, 살구나무, 매실나무 등을 비롯한 많은 종류의 활엽수를 침해하나 드물게는 침엽수도 침해해서 흰색썩음을 일으킨다.외상과 뿌리장해 등으로 쇠약해진 나무는 치마버섯의 침해로 나무가 더욱 쇠약해지면서 말라죽는다.병원균인 치마버섯(Schizophyllum commune)은 담자균에 속하는 일년생 버섯으로 담자포자를 형성한다. 자실체의 갓은 지름 1~3cm, 모양은 부채형~원형이며, 대는 없고 갓의 일부가 기물에 붙어 있다. 갓의 표면은 백색~회갈색으로 약간 보라색을 띠며, 부드러운 잔털로 덮여 있다. 갓의 가장자리는 발가락 모양으로 갈라져서 안쪽으로 굽어 있다.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophyllum_commune
http://wiseacre-gardens.com/wordpress/split-gill-mushroom/
(카)
* 카르디올리핀 (315, 432)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiolipin
Structure of cardiolipin (CL) (1,1′,2,2′-tetraoleyl cardiolipin). This is one of the over 100 CL molecular species present in mouse brain mitochondria.
* 케일린 ; 데이비드 케일린 (120) : David Keilin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Keilin
* 켈트족 음악 (310) : Celtic music
I am reminded of Celtic music, in which the same tune goes by several names, and the same title refers to several different tunes: an endless stream of lovely variation, but scarcely conducive to a straightforward understanding.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_music
* 코난 도일의 챌린저 교수가 떠오르는 빅토리아 시대의 통속극 (65)
Victorian sense of melodrama, reminiscent of Conan Doyle’s Professor Challenger.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professor_Challenger
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
* 콘티카 (370)
(주) 콘티카는 잉카의 태양신의 이름이다.
http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/en/news/idm/2005/aug-2005-satellites-shed-light-on-the-kon-tiki-story/index.html
http://www.kon-tiki.no/Exp_KonTiki.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kon-Tiki
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsa_(tree)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuamotus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor_Heyerdahl
* 크레브스 회로 (122)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_Acid_Cycle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Adolf_Krebs
* 클라이버 법칙 (245) : Kleiber's law
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleiber's_law
http://hans.wyrdweb.eu/about-kleibers-law/
http://justjoep.blogspot.com/2009/09/gyures-doggy-energy-theory-proven.html
(타)
* 타래 송곳 (147) : corkscrew
* 티오마르가리타 나미비엔시스 (191) : Thiomargarita namibiensis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiomargarita_namibiensis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibia
(파)
* 파인만 ; 리처드 파인만 (134)
(134) 철저하게 혼란에 빠져보지 않은 사람은 문제를 이해할 수 없다 : Anyone who is not thoroughly confused just doesn’t understand the problem.
(주) 이 인용구절은 리처드 파인만이 한 말이 아니고, 파인만의 지도교수였던 '존 윌러'가 한 말입니다. 닉 레인이 인용을 하면서 화자를 헷갈린 적이 여러 번 눈에 뛰네요.
(참고)
As John Wheeler put it, “if you are not completely confused by Quantum Mechanics, you do not understand it.” (http://www.philosophytogo.org/wordpress/?p=1932)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Archibald_Wheeler
http://hanmihye.egloos.com/3256619
(하)
* 하이드로게노솜 (88-90, 92-93, 213, 222-223) : hydrogenosome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenosome
* 해럴드 ; 프랭클린 해럴드 (147, 163, 294) : Franklin Harold
(책)
The Vital Force A Study of Bioenergetics (1986)
* 헤테로플라즈미 (360) : heteroplasmy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heteroplasmy
* 호로비츠 ; 밥 호로비츠 (308)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Horovitz
* 호흡연쇄 (121) : respiratory chain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_transport_chain
The electron transport chain in the mitochondrion is the site of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes. The NADH and succinate generated in the citric acid cycle are oxidized, providing energy to power ATP synthase.
* 화학삼투 (8, 21, 112, 137-138, 140-142, 150, 157, 163-164, 175-176, 193-195) : chemiosmotic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiosmosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiosmotic_potential
* 황산염환원세균 (102) : sulphate-reducing bacteria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate-reducing_bacteria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur-reducing_bacteria
* 히드라충류 (337) : marine colonial hydroids
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroid
http://library.thinkquest.org/26153/marine/cnida.htm
http://njscuba.net/biology/sw_plant-like.html
* 히스톤 (26-27, 34, 58-59, 63, 71, 82-83, 209, 416) : histone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euryarchaeota
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanogen
오역
(21) 이렇다 할 독창적인 착상
(원문) counterintuitive
(교정) 반직관적인
(103) 전문용어로는
(원문) technically
(교정) 기술적으로
(주) technically를 번역자는 모두 '전문용어로는'으로 번역을 하였는데, 의미가 다릅니다.
(276) 최고 수준의 비교생물학 연구로 정평이 난
(원문) In their classic comparative studies
(교정) 고전적 비교 연구 중에; 고전적 비교 연구를 통해서
(주) 심각한 수준의 오역이네요
(455) 거의 없는
(원문) a few
(교정) 약간 있는
(주) 번역자가 아주 기초적인 실수를 하는 바람에 (little, a few 용법을 잘못 이해)
오역을 하고, 그 때문에 그 앞뒤 문장도 이상하게 번역을 해놓았군요.
원문 대조
(141) 게다가 모호한 물결무늬인 고에너지 중간산물이 있어야만 설명될 것 같던 '떨어져서 일어나는 기이한 작용'에 대한 문제도 화학삼투 가설로 해결되었다.
Even more fundamentally, the chemiosmotic hypothesis explained the voodoo ‘action at a distance’ that seemed to beg a high-energy intermediate, the elusive squiggle.
(주) voodoo ‘action at a distance’ : 미신적인 원격 작용
(208) 필요한 것은 지도 판독의 차이 때문에 생긴 약간의 방향 혼동 뿐이다.
All that was needed was a degree of orientational confusion, a map-reading hiatus.
(337) 만약 아포토시스가 다세포 경찰국가의 필요성과 연관이 있고 ~ 왜 그랬을까?
If apoptosis is linked with the need to police the multicellular state, rather than a parasite war, and multicellular organisms evolved independently more than once, which they certainly did, then it is not surprising that the detailed execution of apoptosis differs in different groups. On the face of it, it is more surprising that there is so much in common—that somewhat similar machinery was pressed into service more than once. Why was this?
(주) police
1. To regulate, control, or keep in order with or as if with a law enforcement agency.
2. To make (a military area, for example) neat in appearance
책 <산소>
102
참고
심혈관 대사질환 연구센터 http://mitochondria.inje.ac.kr/index.php
mitochondria and the meaning of life
By Nick Lane, 2005
(A to Z)
* ATP synthase
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP_synthase
http://www.life.illinois.edu/crofts/bioph354/lect10.html
* C 값 (57) : C-value
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-value
(가)
* 고세균 : archaea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Archaea_genera
* 공생 : symbiosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiosis
(나)
* 넘트 (205) : numt
(교정) => numt (pronounced “new might”)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numt
* 닐 블랙스톤 (330, 332-333, 335-337) : Neil Blackstone
http://www.bios.niu.edu/blackstone/blackstone.shtml
(논문)
Neil W. Blackstone, Douglas R. Green (1999), 'The evolution of a mechanism of cell suicide', DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199901)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199901)21:1%3C84::AID-BIES11%3E3.0.CO;2-0/abstract
(다)
* 다윈
(36) ‘Each living being is a microcosm.a little universe formed of self-propagating organisms inconceivably minute and numerous as the stars in the heaven.’
(주) Each living creature must be looked upon as a microcosm — a little universe— formed of a host of self-propagating organisms, inconceivably minute and as numerous as the stars of heaven." "Animals and Plants," vol. 11, pp. 478 483
* 대사율 (256) : metabolic rate
안정시 대사율 : resting metabolic rate
최대 대사율 : maximum metabolic rate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate
* 델로비브리오 (320) : Bdellovibrio
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bdellovibrio
* 뒤쥐 (240, 256) : shrews
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrew
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_Shrew
(라)
* 라이트 ; 앨런 라이트 (442)
http://www.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/people/a.wright.html
(논문)
Wright, A.F.; Jacobson, S.G.; Cideciyan, A.V.; Roman, A.J.; Shu, X.; Vlachantoni, D.; McInnes, R.R. and Riemersma, R.A., 'Lifespan and mitochondrial control of neurodegeneration', Nature Genetics 36(11):1153-1158, 2004
http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/v36/n11/full/ng1448.html
* 레버씨유전성시신경병증 (358) : Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)
(교정) => 레베르유전시신경병증
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leber's_hereditary_optic_neuropathy
* 로도박터 (93-94, 103) : Rhodobacter
알파프로테오박테리아의 일종
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodobacter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodobacter_sphaeroides
(주) the Greek (Rhodos = Rhodes, rhodon = rose)
* 리우틴투 (37) : Rio Tinto
(교정) => 리오 틴토
(주) 리오 = 강,천; 틴토 = 붉은 (red). 한자어로 이름을 바꾼다면, 적천, 홍천, 우리말로 바꾼다면 붉은내
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Tinto_(river)
http://www.360panoview.co.uk/andalucia/index.htm
http://www.360panoview.co.uk/andalucia/Niebla/Rio%20Tinto/Rio_Tinto.htm
* 리케차 (77, 181, 320) : rickettsia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickettsia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickettsia_prowazekii
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphaproteobacteria
(마)
* 마굴리스 ; 린 마글리스 (18, 63-64, 77, 87, 193, 294-297, 320) : Lynn Margulis
* 마틴 ; 빌 마틴 (64-65, 88, 90, 155, 157, 159, 172, 206-209) : Bill Martin
* 멍고 호수 화석 (377, 380) : Lake Mungo fossil
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Mungo_remains
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Mungo
http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/reprints/forster/rep-forster.htm
red arrows: the two main options
brown arrows: the further progress
A. Bab-el-Mandeb strait (southern route)
B. Sinai (northern route)
C. Straight of Hormuz
D. Andaman islands
E. Nicobar islands
F. Malay peninsula
G. Nias cave (Kalimantan, Borneo)
H. Lake Mungo
* 메탄생성고세균 (52-54, 69-70, 82-85, 88, 90-91, 94, 96-100, 102-103, 193, 209)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanogen
* 모자 : top hat
like a rabbit produced from a top hat
* 무기세포 (163)
* 물결무늬 (129) : squiggle
(교정) => 물결표시
'~' 표시는 tilde라고 하며, 128개의 아스키 문자 중 하나로서, 127번째에 나타나는 글자이다. tilde를 때로는 "twiddle" 또는 "squiggle" 이라고 부르기도 한다. 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilde
* 미첼 ; 피터 미첼 (21, 112-13, 134, 136-143, 145, 156, 191) : Peter Mitchell
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_D._Mitchell
http://www.bookrags.com/biography/peter-d-mitchell-wob/
http://rent.netmovers.co.uk/property/97668469-4-bed-glynn-cornwall-pl30
http://www.robert-temple.com/friends/peter_helen_mitchell2.html
* 미토좀 (80) : mitosome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitosome
* 미토콘드리아
미토콘드리아(mitochondrion)는 그리스 어원에서 유래된 것으로 thread를 뜻하는‘mitos’와 granule을 뜻하는‘khondrion’이 합쳐져 만들어진 단어이다.
(그림출처 : 염재범, 한진, 미토콘드리아의 생리학 (Mitochondrial Physiology))
* 미포자충 (74, 80-81)
V. necatrix (74)
Nosema (74)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsporidia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vairimorpha
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosema_apis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosema
(바)
* 바르부르크 ; 오토 바르부르크 (120-123,154)
오토 바르부르크가 2번째 노벨상을 받지 못하게 히틀러가 방해를 했다는 루머(122)는 사실이 아니다.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg
* 베히터스호이자 ; 귄터 베히터스호이자 (159) : Gunter Wachtershauser
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_W%C3%A4chtersh%C3%A4user
(주) Günter Wächtershäuser (born 1938 in Gießen), a German chemist turned patent lawyer, is mainly known for his work on the origin of life, and in particular his iron-sulfur world theory, a theory that life on Earth had hydrothermal origins. The theory is consistent with the hypothesis that life originated near seafloor hydrothermal vents.
* 벤더 ; 칼 벤더 (30) : Carl Benda
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/who-discovered-the-mitochondria.html
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Benda
* 보결분자단 (151, 159) : prosthetic group
* 복잡성의 오르막 (280)
* 볼복스 (335-336, 471) : Volvox
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volvox
Volvox colony: 1) Chlamydomonas-like cell, 2) Daughter colony, 3) Cytoplasmic bridges, 4) Intercellular gel, 5) Reproductive cell, 6) Somatic cell.
* 불균일 적색 근섬유 (418, 420, 427) : ragged red fibres
찢어진 붉은 섬유
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MERRF_syndrome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_disease
http://ilovejury.tistory.com/entry/사립체-호흡사슬복합체-질환
* 블랙스톤 : 닐 블랙스톤 (330, 332-333, 335-337) : Neil Balckstone
(논문)
Blackstone NW (2000) Redox control and the evolution of multicellularity. BioEssays 22:947–953
Blackstone NW, Green DR (1999) The evolution of a mechanism of cell suicide. BioEssays
21:84–88
| Redox control and the evolution of multicellularity Neil W. Blackstone BioEssays |
(사)
* 산소-독소 가설 (78)
* 산화환원 신호 (337-338)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox_signaling
http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/(en)/biologie/Bio4/redoxregulation.html
substrate phosphorylation (SP)
oxidative phosphorylation (OP)
(그림출처) http://www.pnas.org/content/101/2/653.full
* 새(조류) (402-406, 453-459, 458-461) : brid
* 새프 ; 잔 새프 (31) : Jan Sapp
Sapp, Jan. Evolution by Association: A History of Symbiosis. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1994.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Sapp
‘Thus unfolds an ironic tale of the fierce individualism of many personalities who pointed to the creative power of associations in evolutionary change.’
* 생명의 기원 (149-164) : 6장 제목
http://users.erols.com/richdoran/life
http://ask.nate.com/qna/view.html?n=263361
(주) 생명의 기원에 대하여 3가지 가설이 있다.
1. 대기 기원 2. 우주기원설 3. 심해저 열수광산 기원설
* 생체에너지학 (20)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioenergetics
* 선택적 입막음 (353, 356) : selective silencing
(교정) 선택적 입막음 => 선택적 유전자 침묵
정자 미토콘드리아를 수정란에서 모두 몰아내거나 영원히 조용히 시키기 위한 수많은 장치가 진화되었다.(359)
Numerous tricks have evolved to exclude male mitochondria from the fertilized egg altogether, or to ensure the permanent silencing of the few that do get in.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_silencing
* 세베로 오초아 (128) : Severo Ochoa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo_Ochoa
(주) 오초아가 노벨상을 받은 것은 ATP가 아니라 RNA, DNA에 대한 연구이다.
(참고)
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959
Severo Ochoa, Arthur Kornberg
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 was awarded jointly to Severo Ochoa and Arthur Kornberg "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid"
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1959/
* 세포군체 (47, 298, 337-338) : multicellular colony
(교정) => 다세포 군체
* 셀록 홈즈 (23) : Sherlock Holmes
As Holmes put it: ‘When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.’
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Adventure_of_the_Blanched_Soldier
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
* 수소가설 (64, 88-89, 94-95, 98, 100-101, 104, 172-173, 203, 207, 225, 325, 329, 335) : Hydrogen hypothesis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_hypothesis
* 수위조절용 수문(473), 배수로(146, 277, 383, 472-473) : overflow channels in a hydroelectric dam
(교정) => 범람수로, 월류수로
Dam and Overflow Channels during Wet Season High Water, Itaipu Dam
http://www.alternative-energy-concepts.com/itaipu-dam.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itaipu_Dam
* 시토크롬 (120) : cytochrome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_c
Cytochrome c with heme c.
Cytochrome c oxidase.
Only subunits I and II are shown with the electron donor, cytochrome c. Redox centres: haems (in red), coppers (in magenta). Electron transfer (red arrows) is coupled to proton transfer (blue arrows) to complete dyoxygen reduction chemistry at the binuclear centre, and to proton translocation across the membrane. (http://www.biocenter.helsinki.fi/bi/hbg/research_CcO.html)
The flux goes from the protochemically positive (P) side (high proton electrochemical potential) to the protochemically negative (N) side.
(아)
* 아르메스토 ; 펠리페-페르난데스 아르메스토 (22)
The eloquent historian Felipe Fernández-Armesto wrote: ‘Stories help explain themselves; if you know how something happened, you begin to see why it happened.’ -The Americas (2003) -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_Fern%C3%A1ndez-Armesto
* 아케조아 (72-76, 78-81, 84, 88) : archezoa
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archezoa
(비교) 고세균 : archaea
* 아포토시스 : apoptosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_highlights_in_apoptosis_research#Coining_of_the_term_apoptosis
http://home.postech.ac.kr/~heony/Caspase/caspase.htm
(주) 306 페이지, "원래 히포크라테스는 아포토시스를 뼈의 탈락이라는 의미로 썼다. 뼈의 탈락이란.....그 의미를 확장했다"는 것은 문헌적으로 사실을 고증을 해야 한다.
* 안데르손 ; 시브 안데르손 (77-78, 84, 181-183) : Siv Anderson
http://www.ucg.uu.se/SAndersson.html
(논문)
Andersson, S. G. E., Zomorodipour, A., Andersson, J. O., Sicheritz-Ponten, T., Alsmark, C. M. U., Podowski, R. M., Näslund, A. K., Eriksson, A.-C., Winkler, H. H. and C. G. Kurland. 1998. The genome sequence of Rickettsia prowazekii and the origin of mitochondria. Nature 396:133-140.
* 암 (300-304) : cancer
Cancer is a chilling ghost of conflict within an individual.
암은 하나의 개체 안에서 일어난 충돌로 생겨난 싸늘한 유령이다.
* 애덤스 ; 더글라스 애덤스 (477)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Adams
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(book)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(film)
* 양성자 펌프 (148) : proton pumping
(교정) 양성자 펌핑
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_pump
* 엑스타시 (454)
(원문) Another uncoupler is the popular recreational drug, ecstasy, which illustrates the potential dangers well: uncoupling generates heat, inducing some revellers to dance with a water supply strapped to their backs; even so, a few have died of heatstroke. Certainly more finesse is needed. Curiously, aspirin is also a mild respiratory uncoupler; I do wonder how many of its more mysterious benefits may relate to this property.
진하게 표시한 원문은 번역자가 오역을 한 부분입니다.
* 엥겔하르트 ; 블라디미르 엥겔하르트 (127) : Vladimir Engelhardt
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelhardt_Institute_of_Molecular_Biology
* 여유 공간 (456-462) : overcapacity
(교정) => 잉여능력, 과잉생산능력
* 역장 (145, 147, 148, 467) : 力場, force field
보호막 (147) : protective force field
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_field_(chemistry)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_field
* 역행반응 (436) : retrograde response
* 오겔 ; 레슬리 오겔 (21, 112, 145) : Leslie Orgel
(에세이)
Orgel, L. E. Are you serious, Dr Mitchell? Nature 402: 17; 1999.
(21) 어떤 평론가 = 레슬리 오겔
(112) As the eminent molecular biologist Leslie Orgel put it: ‘Not since Darwin has biology come up with an idea as counterintuitive as those of, say, Einstein, Heisenberg or Schrodinger. . . his contemporaries might well have asked “Are you serious, Dr Mitchell?”’
(145) Few would have laid money on cells generating energy with proton pumps.
* 올바키아 (345, 358) : Wolbachia
(교정) => 월바키아, 볼바키아
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolbachia
* 운동의 역설 (406, 430, 455) : exercise paradox
* 윌리스 ; 더글라스 윌리스 (381) : Douglas Wallace
University of California, Irvine
http://www.actionbioscience.org/genomic/wallace.html
http://www.scivee.tv/node/11709
* 윌슨 (33) : E. B. Wilson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Beecher_Wilson
‘To many, no doubt, such speculations may appear too fantastic for present mention in polite biological society; nevertheless it is within the range of possibility that they may some day call for some serious consideration'
* 유전자 수평이동 (185) : lateral gene transfer
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_gene_transfer
Current tree of life showing horizontal gene transfers.
* 이소프렌 (157, 209) : isoprenes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprene
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terpenoid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paclitaxel
(주) Taxol은 diterpene alkaloids의 일종
* 이질성 (423) : heterogeneity
http://exactitude.tistory.com/663
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneity_and_heterogeneity
* 임균 (186, 319-320, 325-326) : Neisseria gonorrhoeae
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neisseria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhoea
(자)
* 자가조정장치의 소멸 (429) : Demise of the Self-Correcting Machine
(교정) 조정 => 교정, 수정; 소멸 => 죽음, 서거, 사망, 소멸
* 자리돔과 어류 (345) : coral reef fish
(교정) => 암초 어류, 산호초 물고기
In fact, most reef fish switch sex at some point in their lives, and the few shrinking violets that don’t are contemptuously labelled gonochoristic.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef_fish
* 적응주의 프로그램 (416) : adaptationist program
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptationism
http://sockin.com.ne.kr/ilban.ja/4111003.htm
* 젖당 (146) : lactose
(교정) 락토즈; 유당
* 증거가 없다는 것이 사실이 아니라는 증거는 아니다 (410)
We are reminded, in that smug phrase, that ‘absence of evidence is not evidence of absence’.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence_of_absence
* 진핵세포의 기원 (64, 209)
1. 주류적 시각 : 린 마굴리스, 톰 캐벌리어 스미스
2. 수소가설 : 빌 마틴
* 진화를 위한 안정화 전략 (187) : evolutionarily stable strategy
(교정) => 진화적으로 안정된 전략
메이너드 스미스는 유전자 수평이동 현상을 '진화를 위한 안정화 전략'이라고 표현했다.
what Maynard Smith described as an ‘evolutionarily stable strategy’.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionarily_stable_strategy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maynard_Smith
* 진화적 신기성 (95, 203, 208)
* 짝풀림 (133-134, 140-142, 146, 277-278, 334, 383, 543-456)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncoupling_protein
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermogenin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_phosphorylation
http://www.jci.org/articles/view/17835/figure/1
http://www.cib.csic.es/en/grupo.php?idgrupo=39
http://5e.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=7&id=350
(그림 출처 : C. Erlanson-Albertsson(2003), The role of uncoupling proteins in the regulation of metabolism)
(차)
* 치마버섯 (352) : split gill mushroom
치마버섯 (split gill fungus)은 쇠약한 나무의 줄기나 가지, 고사목,용재 등에 흔히 발생하는 소형의 재질부후균으로 주로 벚나무, 밤나무, 사과나무, 살구나무, 매실나무 등을 비롯한 많은 종류의 활엽수를 침해하나 드물게는 침엽수도 침해해서 흰색썩음을 일으킨다.외상과 뿌리장해 등으로 쇠약해진 나무는 치마버섯의 침해로 나무가 더욱 쇠약해지면서 말라죽는다.병원균인 치마버섯(Schizophyllum commune)은 담자균에 속하는 일년생 버섯으로 담자포자를 형성한다. 자실체의 갓은 지름 1~3cm, 모양은 부채형~원형이며, 대는 없고 갓의 일부가 기물에 붙어 있다. 갓의 표면은 백색~회갈색으로 약간 보라색을 띠며, 부드러운 잔털로 덮여 있다. 갓의 가장자리는 발가락 모양으로 갈라져서 안쪽으로 굽어 있다.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophyllum_commune
http://wiseacre-gardens.com/wordpress/split-gill-mushroom/
(카)
* 카르디올리핀 (315, 432)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiolipin
Structure of cardiolipin (CL) (1,1′,2,2′-tetraoleyl cardiolipin). This is one of the over 100 CL molecular species present in mouse brain mitochondria.
* 케일린 ; 데이비드 케일린 (120) : David Keilin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Keilin
* 켈트족 음악 (310) : Celtic music
I am reminded of Celtic music, in which the same tune goes by several names, and the same title refers to several different tunes: an endless stream of lovely variation, but scarcely conducive to a straightforward understanding.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_music
* 코난 도일의 챌린저 교수가 떠오르는 빅토리아 시대의 통속극 (65)
Victorian sense of melodrama, reminiscent of Conan Doyle’s Professor Challenger.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professor_Challenger
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle
* 콘티카 (370)
(주) 콘티카는 잉카의 태양신의 이름이다.
http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/en/news/idm/2005/aug-2005-satellites-shed-light-on-the-kon-tiki-story/index.html
http://www.kon-tiki.no/Exp_KonTiki.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kon-Tiki
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsa_(tree)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuamotus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor_Heyerdahl
* 크레브스 회로 (122)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_Acid_Cycle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Adolf_Krebs
* 클라이버 법칙 (245) : Kleiber's law
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleiber's_law
http://hans.wyrdweb.eu/about-kleibers-law/
http://justjoep.blogspot.com/2009/09/gyures-doggy-energy-theory-proven.html
(타)
* 타래 송곳 (147) : corkscrew
* 티오마르가리타 나미비엔시스 (191) : Thiomargarita namibiensis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiomargarita_namibiensis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibia
(파)
* 파인만 ; 리처드 파인만 (134)
(134) 철저하게 혼란에 빠져보지 않은 사람은 문제를 이해할 수 없다 : Anyone who is not thoroughly confused just doesn’t understand the problem.
(주) 이 인용구절은 리처드 파인만이 한 말이 아니고, 파인만의 지도교수였던 '존 윌러'가 한 말입니다. 닉 레인이 인용을 하면서 화자를 헷갈린 적이 여러 번 눈에 뛰네요.
(참고)
As John Wheeler put it, “if you are not completely confused by Quantum Mechanics, you do not understand it.” (http://www.philosophytogo.org/wordpress/?p=1932)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Archibald_Wheeler
http://hanmihye.egloos.com/3256619
(하)
* 하이드로게노솜 (88-90, 92-93, 213, 222-223) : hydrogenosome
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenosome
* 해럴드 ; 프랭클린 해럴드 (147, 163, 294) : Franklin Harold
(책)
The Vital Force A Study of Bioenergetics (1986)
* 헤테로플라즈미 (360) : heteroplasmy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heteroplasmy
* 호로비츠 ; 밥 호로비츠 (308)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Horovitz
* 호흡연쇄 (121) : respiratory chain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_transport_chain
The electron transport chain in the mitochondrion is the site of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes. The NADH and succinate generated in the citric acid cycle are oxidized, providing energy to power ATP synthase.
* 화학삼투 (8, 21, 112, 137-138, 140-142, 150, 157, 163-164, 175-176, 193-195) : chemiosmotic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiosmosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiosmotic_potential
* 황산염환원세균 (102) : sulphate-reducing bacteria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate-reducing_bacteria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur-reducing_bacteria
* 히드라충류 (337) : marine colonial hydroids
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroid
http://library.thinkquest.org/26153/marine/cnida.htm
http://njscuba.net/biology/sw_plant-like.html
* 히스톤 (26-27, 34, 58-59, 63, 71, 82-83, 209, 416) : histone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euryarchaeota
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanogen
오역
(21) 이렇다 할 독창적인 착상
(원문) counterintuitive
(교정) 반직관적인
(103) 전문용어로는
(원문) technically
(교정) 기술적으로
(주) technically를 번역자는 모두 '전문용어로는'으로 번역을 하였는데, 의미가 다릅니다.
(276) 최고 수준의 비교생물학 연구로 정평이 난
(원문) In their classic comparative studies
(교정) 고전적 비교 연구 중에; 고전적 비교 연구를 통해서
(주) 심각한 수준의 오역이네요
(455) 거의 없는
(원문) a few
(교정) 약간 있는
(주) 번역자가 아주 기초적인 실수를 하는 바람에 (little, a few 용법을 잘못 이해)
오역을 하고, 그 때문에 그 앞뒤 문장도 이상하게 번역을 해놓았군요.
원문 대조
(141) 게다가 모호한 물결무늬인 고에너지 중간산물이 있어야만 설명될 것 같던 '떨어져서 일어나는 기이한 작용'에 대한 문제도 화학삼투 가설로 해결되었다.
Even more fundamentally, the chemiosmotic hypothesis explained the voodoo ‘action at a distance’ that seemed to beg a high-energy intermediate, the elusive squiggle.
(주) voodoo ‘action at a distance’ : 미신적인 원격 작용
(208) 필요한 것은 지도 판독의 차이 때문에 생긴 약간의 방향 혼동 뿐이다.
All that was needed was a degree of orientational confusion, a map-reading hiatus.
(337) 만약 아포토시스가 다세포 경찰국가의 필요성과 연관이 있고 ~ 왜 그랬을까?
If apoptosis is linked with the need to police the multicellular state, rather than a parasite war, and multicellular organisms evolved independently more than once, which they certainly did, then it is not surprising that the detailed execution of apoptosis differs in different groups. On the face of it, it is more surprising that there is so much in common—that somewhat similar machinery was pressed into service more than once. Why was this?
(주) police
1. To regulate, control, or keep in order with or as if with a law enforcement agency.
2. To make (a military area, for example) neat in appearance
책 <산소>
102
참고
심혈관 대사질환 연구센터 http://mitochondria.inje.ac.kr/index.php
